A bale of cloth, a machine, a house, owes its value to the labor expended upon it, and belongs to the person who expends or employs the labor; a piece of land owes its value, so far as its value is affected by the causes I am now considering, not to the labor expended on it, but to that expended upon something else — to the labor expended in making a railroad or building houses in an adjoining town. . . . How many landlords have their rent rolls doubled, by railways made in their despite!
— PROF. J. E. CAIRNES, Essays in Political Economy (1870), VI., p. 193.
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